Распространенность психических заболеваний среди пациентов с кератоконусом

Keratoconus is a chronic corneal disorder characterized by progressive thinning and steepening of the cornea resulting in visual deterioration and irregular astigmatism [¹]. Although the disorder has a bilateral and asymmetric corneal involvement, usually one eye is more severely affected than the other [²]. Typically, keratoconus starts to develop in the second and third decades of life, progressing further until the fourth decade [¹]. Its exact etiology and pathogenesis are still unknown; however, family history of keratoconus, eye-rubbing, and atopy are well-recognized risk factors [³]. A recent meta-analysis found that the global prevalence of keratoconus was 1.38 per 1000 people [³]. Keratoconus prevalence varies widely depending on ethnicity and geographical areas, being as low as 0.2 per 100,000 people in Russia and over 4790 per 100,000 people in Saudi Arabia [⁴,⁵].