Кросслинкинг роговичного коллагена при детском кератоконусе

Keratoconus is a non-inflammatory, progressive degeneration in which the cornea assumes a conical shape with a cone-like protrusion secondary to stromal thinning. It is a bilateral but usually asymmetric condition. A slit-lamp examination may reveal Fleischer’s ring (57% of patients) and Vogt’s lines (44% of patients). The prevalence of keratoconus is between 0.2 and 0.04 per 100,000, while the incidence rates are 1.5 to 25 cases per 100,000 persons a year. The highest rates typically occur in 20- to 30-year-olds and Middle Eastern and Asian ethnicities [¹]. Patients with keratoconus exhibit a decrease in visual acuity due to irregular astigmatism. In advanced cases, corneal scarring occurs, further worsening visual acuity. The etiology of keratoconus is still poorly understood; its development is influenced by environmental factors such as contact lens wear, chronic eye rubbing, and allergic diseases, indicating complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors [²,³,⁴,⁵].